Evaluation of the relationship between Internet and smartphone addiction and loneliness among university students

Abstract

The present study investigated the relationships between Internet addiction, smartphone use, and loneliness among university students, and compared these variables according to demographic characteristics. A total of 384 university students participated in this study, which employed a cross-sectional design. Data were collected using the Internet Addiction Test, Smartphone Addiction Scale, and UCLA Loneliness Scale. Descriptive statistics, correlation analyses, and multiple comparison tests were used for data analysis. The results revealed significant positive correlations between internet addiction, smartphone use, and loneliness, highlighting the interrelated nature of these constructs. Sociodemographic factors such as age, department, leisure activities, and family relationships were significantly associated with the study variables. Specifically, younger age groups and students from Health Sciences and Business and Management departments reported higher scores for Internet addiction and smartphone use. Moreover, engaging in sports or reading during leisure time was associated with lower scores in these areas. To conclude, findings emphasize the importance of considering sociodemographic factors and promoting alternative leisure activities when designing interventions to mitigate the negative effects of excessive technology use. Further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms and potential strategies for addressing internet addiction, smartphone use, and loneliness among university students.