Gilaburu (Viburnum opulus L.) fruit extract ameliorates burn-induced distant organ injury via anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms in rats

Abstract

Introduction/Objectives: Besides to local tissue damage, burn has damaging effects on distant organs and presents a clinical picture leading to multiple organ failure. Gilaburu (Viburnum opulus L.) is a fruit with rich polyphenol content and used ethnobotanically in Turkiye. This study aimed to investigate the effects of gilaburu fruit extract on burn-induced distant organ injury. Materials and methods: Under anesthesia, dorsum of the rats was exposed to 90oC (burn) or 25oC (control) water-bath for 10s to induce partial-thickness-second-degree skin burn injury (BI) and treated orally either with saline (1 ml) or gilaburu (100 mg/kg/d) immediately and at 24h after the BI. In the pretreatment group, gilaburu administration was started 1 week before the BI. Rats were decapitated 48h after BI, histological and biochemical evaluations were performed. This study was approved by the Marmara University Animal Care and Use Committee (29.2018.mar). Results: High liver enzymes in the serum, increased microscopic damage scores, myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde, chemiluminescence values, and reduced glutathione levels in liver and intestinal tissues of the burn group were all reversed by gilaburu treatments (p<0.05-0.001). Increased smad-3 and interleukin (IL)-6 levels in intestinal and elevated caspase-3 and IL-8 levels in liver tissues were decreased by GB treatments (p<0.05-0.001). Elevated matrix metalloproteinase-9 level in liver tissue was not changed by GB treatments. 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine, transforming growth factor-beta1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1beta and interferon-gamma levels were not changed by BI in both tissues. Conclusion: Gilaburu shows therapeutic and/or prophylactic effects against BI in distant organs by suppressing burn induced inflammatory response, oxidative stress and apoptosi.